Mastitis in Cows
Baytril's efficacy against important mastitis pathogens, especially E.coli, has been documented. The favourable kinetics of Baytril® lead to concentrations in milk that exceed not only the concentrations in serum, but also the MIC values of the causative organisms. These facts are independent of the route of administration.
To compare the MIC values of Baytril® and other antimicrobials for E.coli, Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella, Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma agalactiae please refer to the tables on the right.
Therapeutically relevant concentrations of Baytril in the milk are maintained for more than 24 hours after application of 2.5 mg Enrofloxacin/kg bw. The mean values for i.v., i.m. and s.c. administration can be seen in the relevant graphs.
The kinetics in milk are influenced by the route of administration. The highest peak concentrations in milk are achieved after intravenous application.
A trial on the treatment of induced E.coli mastitis with Baytril® was conducted (Hoeben et al., 1999). Twelve cows were infected with 104 cfu E.coli P4:032 into both left quarters. Six cows received an intravenous injection of 5 mg Enrofloxacin/kg at 10 h after infection and a second Baytril® treatment administered subcutaneously at 30 h post infection. The other six cows were controls that received no treatment.
The clinical scores for induration of mammary gland parenchyma and swelling of the mammary gland were compared, as were milk yield and milk composition with regard to lactose.
In addition to the reduction of bacteria in the infected quarters, Baytril® reduced the severity of the disease, the decline in milk production and the changes in milk composition.
The efficacy of Baytril® in Mycoplasma mastitis was assessed in a study by Wendt et al. in 2001. 45 cows with confirmed mastitis caused by M. californicum were included in the study. 22 cows (7 dry, 15 lactating) were treated with Baytril® (5mg Enrofloxacin/kg on three consecutive days), 23 cows were left untreated as controls.
There was a remarkable improvement in somatic cell count in milk of treated lactating cows, which persisted as much as one month after treatment compared to the controls.
14 of the lactating cows were bacteriologically fully cured and 11 were cured clinically as well as functionally (one cow was slaughtered before end of trial) and 5 out of 7 dry cows (two slaughtered before end of trial) were mycoplasma-negative.
In vitro data and clinical findings show that Baytril® is successful in treating mastitis caused by susceptible pathogens.
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